Title: Effect of a complex modified additive based on post-alcohol bard on the strength behavior of concrete
Authors: Altynbekova A.D., Lukpanov R.E., Dyussembinov D.S., Askerbekova A.M., Gunasekaran Murali.
Abstract: The article presents the third stage of the study results of a complex modified additive (CMA), in the accuracy of the influence of the variable ingredients of CMA on the strength of cement. This article shows the methodology of making samples, the selection of additive composition at different percentages of components, and the analysis of the strength behavior of the obtained results. To evaluate the changes in strength, samples were made and tested in compression and bending at 7, 14, and 28 days of normal-moist hardening. The results of the experiment showed that the addition of plasticizers (PAB) reduces the quantity of water - 35%, by increasing the strength of concrete by 20%. Compressive and bending strength results of the modified samples showed the best results, which were in the range of 42.80-63.66 MPa and 3.34-8.75 MPa, compared with the control composition. From the results of the research, the additive accelerates hardening and it was found that the additive contributes to the growth of strength, both at an early age and at the design age (28 days). The results of the experiment showed that from the standpoint of improving the qualitative characteristics of the samples, the use of plasticizers is appropriate. The use of CMA in the composition of concrete increases the strength, and therefore developed by the authors of CMA changes the structure of concrete and most importantly, increases the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete.
Keywords: concrete, cement-sand mortar, complex modified additive, post-alcohol bard, plasticizer, hardening accelerator, bending strength, compressive strength.
Cite this article as: Altynbekova AD, Lukpanov RE, Dyussembinov DS, Askerbekova AM, Gunasekaran Murali. Effect of a complex modified additive based on post-alcohol bard on the strength behavior of concrete. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovаnie Minerаlnogo Syrа = Complex Use of Minerаl Resources. 2023; 327(4):5-14. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.34
Title: Development of a mathematical model for a compound technological complex of vanyukov melting in order to control the material and thermal regime
Authors: Mussabekov N.R., Mukhanov B.K.
Abstract: This article presents a mathematical model in the form of static equations of dependencies of input and output flows based on the equations of material and heat balance for the purposes of operational planning and control of the complex technological complex of Vanyukov melting (PV). Dynamic characteristics are presented for the purpose of controlling the thermal regime based on the technology of the developed melting process with blowing from below. As a result of the study, the developed mathematical model for controlling the smelting process when calculating the material flows of the charge will allow tracking changes in the thermal state of the smelting (by the copper content in the matte). This model can quite well describe the dynamics of the state of the process, both when establishing the impacts aimed at increasing the heating of the furnace, and at reducing its heating. Based on the equations, a computer model based on the dynamic programming method in the MATLAB software package has been developed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time, the structure of a mathematical model has been developed that describes the processes occurring in the over-tuyere zone and the sludge zone of the smelting products.
Keywords: technological complex, control system, static model, thermal regime, cooper smelting
Cite this article as: Mussabekov NR, Mukhanov BK. Development of a mathematical model for a compound technological complex of vanyukov melting in order to control the material and thermal regime. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):15-22. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.35
Title: Classification of texts on emergency situations in Almaty
Authors: Kabdrakhova S.S., Assan Zh.Zh., Nopembri S., Seilhan A.M., Myrzakhmetov D.E.
Abstract: Text classification is a process that includes stages and approaches for the effective classification of texts that are diverse in their structure. In this article, machine learning algorithms are implemented, such as the support vector method, logistic regression, and the k nearest neighborhood method for classifying texts collected from emergency news sites in Almaty. During the experiment, a special role was played by the data collection stage, as well as their subsequent processing. Prior to the classification of the data set, preliminary data processing was performed, which includes such steps as the removal of stop words, tokenization, stemming, lemmatization, feature extraction, and the construction of feature vectors. The data was obtained by automated collection of information from open sources using a script. Experimental results show that the classifier based on logistic regression provides the best performance results compared to other types of algorithms. The performance indicators of each algorithm were obtained, which allows us to perform a comparative analysis between them.
Keywords: machine learning, text classification, support vector machine, logistic regression, KNN, NLP, preprocessing, emergencies.
Cite this article as: Kabdrakhova SS, Assan ZhZh, Nopembri S, Seilhan AM, Myrzakhmetov DE. Classification of texts on emergency situations in Almaty. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):23-31. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.36
Title: Investigation of the Technology of Introducing Li, Mg and Zr Alloys into Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Ablakatov I.K., Ismailov M.B., Mustafa L.M., Sanin A.F.
Abstract: This article is devoted to the study of the initial phase of obtaining alloy 1420, namely, obtaining a primary material with the desired chemical composition. The effect of alloying magnesium, zirconium and lithium on the strength properties of the material. In the work, the following materials were used to obtain a cast aluminum alloy of the Al-Mg-Zr-Li system: aluminum of technical purity A0 or A5, magnesium Mg95, lithium LE-1, zirconium E100, aluminum-zirconium ligature AlZr5, aluminum-lithium ligature AlLi10. Two methods were used to introduce zirconium into the liquid Al-Mg alloy: the introduction of pure zirconium and the introduction of zirconium in the form of a ligature. Two methods were used to introduce lithium into the Al-Mg-Zr liquid alloy: the introduction of lithium in the form of a ligature and the introduction of pure lithium. Cast alloys of the Al-Mg-Zr-Li system with the following characteristics were obtained: chemical composition: Al-92.245%, Mg-5.00%, Zr-0.105%, Li-2.21%, Si-0.238%, impurities-0.202%. Mechanical properties: Brinell hardness 85 HB, microhardness 139 MPa, compressive strength 149.6 MPa, elastic modulus 12 GPa, compressive yield strength 175.2 MPa and plastic deformation modulus 0.83 GPa.
Keywords: aluminum, aluminum-lithium alloys, Al-Mg-Zr-Li, melting, casting, ligature
Cite this article as: Ablakatov IK, Ismailov MB, Mustafa LM, Sanin AF. Investigation of the Technology of Introducing Li, Mg and Zr Alloys into Aluminum Alloy. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):32-40. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.37
Title: A Study of Superpave Design Gyrations for High Traffic Surface Mixtures
Authors: Kosparmakova S.A., Azlan M.N., Fischer D.E.
Abstract: The methodology of the research that was used to evaluate the comparative results of surface mixes with a nominal maximum aggregate size of 12.5mm is presented in this paper. Also presented are the recommended Ndes values for C-level and D-level mixes, which are designed to handle traffic levels of 3-30 Million and greater than 30 Million ESALs, respectively. In order to determine the amount of asphalt that was present, asphalt concrete mixes were fabricated utilizing the Superpave design process at Ndes levels of 50, 75, 100, and 125 gyrations. Using the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester instrument, we were able to determine the dynamic modulus (E*) at the design asphalt content for a number of different gyration levels. The E* data and related binder properties were used as input in the AASHTO Darwin-ME software to anticipate the rutting and fatigue performance of the mixtures. This was accomplished by assuming a model pavement section and appropriate traffic levels. In order to determine which Ndes are most appropriate, relative performance indicators for rutting and fatigue have been developed and plotted against asphalt content. The Ndes value of 85 gyrations was found to be ideal for both surface mixes after extensive research.
Keywords: Relative performance; Asphalt concrete mixtures; Superpave; Design gyrations; Fatigue cracking; Rutting;
Cite this article as: Kosparmakova SA, Azlan MN, Fischer DE. A Study of Superpave Design Gyrations for High Traffic Surface Mixtures. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):41-49. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.38
Title: Optimizing the contours of open pit mining with the use of mining and geological information systems and technologies
Authors: Tyo S.G., Zeitinova Sh.B.
Abstract: This article studies optimization of open pit mining using mining and geological information systems and technologies. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm of optimizing the contour of an open pit using a mining and geological information system. The Lerch-Grossman algorithm has been applied using the Whittle program. Justification for changing the contour of an open pit based on the opening scheme, geometric characteristics and special technical and economic parameters of the blocks has been proposed. This proposal provides increasing the production efficiency and reducing capital and operating costs during the development of the deposit. The authors have come to the conclusion that the functionality of updated mining and geological information systems helps to take into account market conditions when designing the main parameters of an open pit and to make the right decision at the stage of preparing a deposit for development and while optimizing the existing open pit contour.
Keywords: open pit mining, iron ore, mining efficiency, open pit contour, mining operations, information technology, geotechnologies
Cite this article as: Tyo SG, Zeitinova ShB. Optimizing the contours of open pit mining with the use of mining and geological information systems and technologies. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):50-56. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.39
Title: Studies of the thermal stability of briquettes based on microsilica
Authors: Baisanov A.S., Vorobkalo N.R., Makhambetov Ye.N., Mynzhasar Ye.A., Zulfiadi Zulhan.
Abstract: The object of study in this work is microsilica. Microsilica is a pulverized technogenic waste generated during the smelting of technical silicon in industries. The intended use of this material is to obtain the highest quality grades of technical silicon in the end result without the use of expensive quartz. Microsilica is a finely dispersed powder, the direct processing (without preliminary preparation) of which into technical silicon is impossible in ore-thermal furnaces. That requires the manufacture of high-strength briquettes based on it, meeting all the requirements for raw materials for ore-thermal furnaces. In this paper, the authors present the results of a study of the thermal stability of microsilica-based briquettes in order to optimize the physicochemical properties of the resulting briquettes. The tested microsilica briquettes with various carbonaceous reducing agents (screenings of coke of thermo-oxidative coking, screenings of charcoal, etc.) were obtained on a large-scale laboratory roller briquetting press ZZXM-4. The evaluation of the thermal stability of the briquettes was carried out according to the method in which the resulting briquettes are subjected to thermal shock followed by abrasion on a special drum. The thermal resistance of a briquette is defined as the ratio of the weight of the main body of the briquette after the abrasion test to the sum of the weight of the main body and the crumbled material. The dependence of thermal stability on the granulometric composition of briquettes was also determined. The optimal granulometric composition was determined, with which the briquettes have satisfactory thermal stability. Thus, the most technologically advanced granulometric composition of the briquetting charge for reduction smelting in an ore-thermal furnace was established. It is best to use briquettes with granulometric compositions of the appropriate ratio of fractions 0-1; 1-3; 3-5 mm with the following proportions 35/35/30 and 60/20/15, as well as briquettes with particle size distribution within these ranges of variation.
Keywords: thermal stability, briquettes, microsilica, silicon briquettes, briquetting, silicon waste.
Cite this article as: Baisanov AS, Vorobkalo NR, Makhambetov YeN, Mynzhasar YeA, Zulfiadi Zulhan. Studies of the thermal stability of briquettes based on microsilica. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):57-63. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.40
Title: A review of recovery technologies of rare and rare earth metals from wastes generated in titanium and magnesium production
Authors: Toishybek A.M., Baigenzhenov O.S., Turan M.D., Kurbanova B., Merkibayev Y.S.
Abstract: It is acknowledged that titanium and magnesium production wastes pollute the environment, which in the sequence they create an environmental hazard for soils, groundwater and vegetation. Meanwhile, these wastes can be considered secondary resources of rare and rare earth metals. In recent years, the processing of industrial waste has been a new trend for the extraction of rare and rare earth metals, which can partially cover the demand in case of their disposal. This article is devoted to a review of the available literature and articles on the extraction of rare metals from titanium-magnesium production waste using various processing methods. Methods of their utilization are discussed with an emphasis on the extraction of rare and rare earth metals. This review considered waste processing technologies of various pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes. Technological schemes of various leaching and extraction processes were presented to give a holistic view of waste processing and extraction of rare metals contained in them. In general, the article contains an overview of the works published on the extraction of rare metals, such as REE (rare earth elements), niobium, tantalum and vanadium.
Keywords: titanium wastes, rare metals, niobium, vanadium, scandium, rare earth elements, leaching, chlorination
Cite this article as: Toishybek AM, Baigenzhenov OS, Turan MD, Kurbanova B, Merkibayev YS. A review of recovery technologies of rare and rare earth metals from wastes generated in titanium and magnesium production. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):64-73. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.41
Title: Electrothermal processing of chrysotile-asbestos wastes with production of ferroalloy and extraction of magnesium into the gas phase
Authors: Akylbekov Ye.Ye., Shevko V.M., Aitkulov D.K., Karataeva G.E.
Abstract: The article presents the results of an experimental study on the processing of wastes from chrysotile-asbestos production at Kostanay Minerals JSC. An electrothermal technology for the extraction of magnesium and siliceous ferroalloy from the chrysotile-asbestos wastes is proposed. The influence of the amount of coke and steel shavings on the technological parameters of the obtained alloys is determined. The results of derivatographic and SEM analyses of the chrysotile-asbestos waste samples are presented. The studies included planning experiments using the second-order rotatable designs (Box-Hunter plans), graphical optimization of technological parameters, and electric melting of a charge in a graphite crucible using a single-electrode arc furnace. Adequate regression equations were obtained explaining the effect of the amount of coke and steel shavings added to the chrysotile-asbestos waste on the extraction degree of silicon into the alloy and the silicon concentration in the alloy. By the electric melting of the charge, high-quality FS25 grade ferrosilicon with a silicon content of 24.4-29.2% and FS45 grade ferrosilicon with a silicon content of 41.6-45% were obtained. It was established that FS45 grade ferrosilicon with the extraction degree of silicon into the alloy from 75 to 85.4% is formed in the presence of 33.6-38% of coke and 16-20.8% of steel shavings. FS25 grade ferrosilicon is formed in the presence of 30-38% of coke and 29.4-40% of steel shavings; the extraction degree of silicon is 68.6-73.8%.
Keywords: chrysotile-asbestos waste, coke, steel shavings, rotatable planning, electric smelting, arc furnace, ferrosilicon
Cite this article as: Akylbekov YeYe, Shevko VM, Aitkulov DK, Karataeva GE. Electrothermal processing of chrysotile-asbestos wastes with magnesium extraction and ferroalloy production. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):74-81. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.42
Title: Pre-activation of nepheline before the enrichment
Authors: Akhmadiyeva N.K., Abdulvaliyev R.A., Akcil A., Manapova A.I.
Abstract: Due to limited reserves of bauxite, nepheline can be used in the industrial production of alumina in Kazakhstan. The most promising deposit is the nepheline syenites of the Kubasadyr deposit. Currently, there is no effective technology for processing nepheline ores. High energy intensity, capital intensity, and significant emissions into the atmosphere are the main drawbacks of the conventional technology of nepheline ore processing by the sintering method. Efficient hydrochemical processing of nepheline requires pre-enrichment with the separation of a part of silica. According to the existing technology of chemical enrichment in an alkaline solution at a temperature of 280⁰С, the silica extraction degree is no more than 36%. A pre-roasting at 500⁰C is used to increase the extraction rate of silica and this process permits an increase in the extraction rate to 65%. The paper presents the results of the chemical activation of nepheline syenites in a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate. The optimum conditions of activation are determined. Activation at a temperature of 280 ⁰C resulted in a change in the phase composition of the feedstock and increases the degree of silica extraction up to 65.5%. The results obtained showed the possibility in principle of using hydrochemical enrichment technology for the resulting high-quality nepheline concentrate and replacing the energy-intensive roasting process.
Keywords: nepheline, enrichment, preliminary activation, silica, alumina.
Cite this article as: Akhmadiyeva NK, Abdulvaliyev RA, Akcil A, Manapova AI. Pre-activation of nepheline before the enrichment. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):82-89. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.43
Title: An Overview of the Current State and the Advantages of using acrylic resins as anticorrosive coatings
Authors: Muradova S.R., Negim El-Sayed, Makhmetova A.R., Ainakulova D.T., Mohamad N.M.I.
Abstract: Corrosion protection coating is one of the most common ways of protecting structures against all kinds of negative external influences. Various types of anti-corrosion coatings can be used to successfully extend the service life of products. However, conventional paints are not water-resistant coatings, and small cracks always appear over time due to temperature fluctuations. Compared to other types of coatings, acrylic coatings are less expensive and just as durable. Acrylic resins have high anti-corrosion properties as well as water resistance, impact resistance, good adhesion to the substrate and overall durability. This powerful combination of cost and performance makes acrylic coatings such a popular and sensible solution for protecting structures against corrosion. The main purpose of this review is to describe the different types of acrylic resins and compare their properties, synthesis and drawbacks. It is expected that this work will be the cornerstone for the future development of acrylic resins.
Keywords: acrylic resins, corrosion, anti-corrosion coatings.
Cite this article as: Muradova SR, Negim El-Sayed, Makhmetova AR, Ainakulova DT, Mohamad NMI. An Overview of the Current State and the Advantages of using acrylic resins as anticorrosive coatings . Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):90-98. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.44
Title: Microstructure and tribological study of TiAlCN and TiTaCN coatings
Authors: Bakhytuly N., Kenzhegulov A.K., Nurtanto М., Aliev A.E., Kuldeev E.I.
Abstract: The low coefficients of friction and wear rates of transition metal carbonitride make them excellent candidates for friction and wear applications. Coatings based on titanium carbonitride alloyed with Ta and Al were deposited using reactive magnetron sputtering on the surface of titanium VT1-0 and steel AISI 304. The effect of alloying titanium carbonitrides with Ta and Al and acetylene flow during deposition on the structure, composition, and tribological properties of the coating was studied. TiAlCN and TiTаCN coatings were deposited in various acetylene flows along with stable argon and nitrogen flows. Scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, X-ray phase analysis, and sliding wear test (ball-on-disk method) in two media were used to study the resulting coatings. The average coefficient of friction of the coating under friction without lubrication varied in the range of 0.13-0.85 and under friction with lubrication in the range of 0.0015-0.081. From the point of view of wear rate, it is shown that the most wear-resistant coating under friction conditions with and without lubrication is TiAlCN-2. The resulting coatings can be useful as protection for machine parts or tools that are subject to friction and wear.
Keywords: titanium carbonitride, magnetron sputtering, alloying, coefficient of friction, wear rate, wear resistance.
Cite this article as: Bakhytuly N, Kenzhegulov AK, Nurtanto М, Aliev AE, Kuldeev EI. Microstructure and tribological study of TiAlCN and TiTaCN coatings. Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources. 2023; 327(4):99-110. https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.45
